**Do not enter your answers here.** Type your answers into the
Answer Sheet provided by your instructor.
1. Lithops, also called
Stoneplants, are a type of plant that resembles little stones. These plants
have the ability to blend in with there surrounding, which affords them
protection from predators. If you were in an area containing Lithops, describe
four characteristics you could identify to distinguish these plants from the
stones they mimic.
2. A population of
grasshoppers in the Kansas prairie has two color phenotypes, green and brown.
Typically, the prairie receives adequate water to maintain healthy, green
grass. Assume a bird that eats grasshoppers moves into the prairie. How will
this affect natural selection of the grasshoppers? How might this change in a
drought year?
3. DNA and RNA
are similar yet distinct components of the cell. Describe three differences between
RNA and DNA with respect to their chemical composition and structure. Provide a
detailed description of each characteristic you chose in your response.
4.
Discuss an example of how human activities can change the environment.
5.
How would enzyme activity be affected if you have a high fever and why?
6. Explain why the terms
“homozygous ad “heterozygous” do not apply to X-linked traits in males.
7. Some plants grow more quickly
than others. For a plant that is growing at a rapid rate, propose a hypothesis
as to whether cellular respiration or photosynthesis is occurring at a faster
rate. Justify you hypothesis.
8. Discuss the differences
between mitosis and meiosis in a human cell.
9. Explain how an insect will
float in water and why ice floats in water. What are the advantages of each of
these two processes.
10. What will happen to a human
red blood cell and why if placed in (a) hypotonic solution; (b) hypertonic
solution and an (c) isotonic solution?
Complete 10 out of 10 questions in this Essay
Section
INSTRUCTIONS: Each question is worth 10
points. Total points for this section is 100 points.
**Do not enter your answers here.** Type your answers into the
Answer Sheet provided by your instructor.
1. Before bringing a new
drug to the marketplace, extensive testing is done on the drug by administering
the drug to large numbers of individuals. Explain the importance of the
scientific method, sample size, controls and variable in the drug evaluation
process.
2. List the four “large
molecules of life.” Identify their composition and structure, and describe one
function that each of them performs in the cell.
3. How can you explain the
occurrence of birth defects (caused by altered genes) in children and
grandchildren of WWII atomic bomb victims, when the victims themselves were
only mildly affected?
4. During the past 50 years,
more than 200 species of insects that attack crop plants have become highly
resistant to DDT and other pesticides. Based on what you have learned in this
class regarding evolution, explain the rapid and widespread evolution of resistance.
Now that DDT has been banned in the US, what do you expect to happen to levels
of resistance to DDT among insect populations?
5. Water is
crucial for life as we know it. One of the most important characteristics of
water is its ability to act as a solvent. Explain why water is such a good
solvent for polar and charged molecules.
6. Describe
feeding relationships and energy flow in an ecosystem, starting from producers.
Use concepts such as trophic levels, food chains, food webs, ecological pyramids.
7. Man has
contributed significantly to the many environmental problems of the world
including loss of biodiversity. Describe how this particular problem can be
solved.
8. Compare and
contrast fermentation and cellular respiration
9. Describe in
your own words how antibiotic resistance comes about.
10. Compare and
contrast photosynthesis and respiration in terms of the organisms involved; the
reactants; the type of energy process; and the organelles involved
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